Harden RCTArrayBuffer zero-copy conversion for ObjC TurboModules (#57983)

[christophpurrer]

Summary:

Follow-ups on D115629409, all in the ObjC ArrayBuffer conversion path.

Correctness:

• Copy JS-heap ArrayBuffer arguments whenever a method also takes a function
  argument. The block the module receives can be invoked after the call returns
  and can carry the buffer with it, so mustCopyJSHeapArrayBufferBytes now
  inspects the argument list, not just the return kind.
• Thread mustCopyBytes through convertJSIArrayToNSArray and
  convertJSIObjectToNSDictionary, so buffers nested inside array/object
  arguments follow the same aliasing rules as top-level ones. They were
  previously always aliased.
• Guard tryGetMutableBuffer with try/catch: TracingRuntime throws
  std::logic_error instead of returning null. Falling through to the JS-heap
  rules is correct for any buffer; the unsupported-runtime warning is logged once.
• Reject detached buffers via detail::throwIfDetached (extracted from
  AsyncArrayBuffer so both conversion paths share one implementation) before
  reading data()/size().
• Convert NSException raised during argument conversion into a JSError.
  Argument conversion runs on the JS thread, outside the try in
  performMethodInvocation, and RCTArrayBuffer can raise
  (NSInvalidArgumentException, NSMallocException).
• Run the callers cleanupblock before-initWithBytesNoCopy:...` raises on a
  NULL/non-zero-length mismatch; nothing else would ever release those bytes.
• Normalize mutableBytes to NULL for zero-length buffers in the designated
  initializer, so the documented "NULL iff empty" invariant holds for every
  factory.
• Log an RCTLogError when convertObjCObjectToJSIValue falls through to
  undefined, instead of silently handing JS undefined for an unsupported
  ObjC class.

Build fix:

• Migrate the macOS sample TurboModule to RCTArrayBuffer. The iOS sample was
  migrated in D115629409 but the macOS one still used NSData/NSMutableData,
  which no longer matches the generated spec, breaking the internal macOS build.

Changelog: [iOS][Fixed] Harden RCTArrayBuffer zero-copy conversion for ObjC TurboModules

Differential Revision: D115767439

[meta-codesync]

@christophpurrer has exported this pull request. If you are a Meta employee, you can view the originating Diff in D115767439.