fix(#995): decal/projection wrote an all-white layer on non-square textures - #996
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📝 WalkthroughWalkthroughProjection and painting paths preserve non-square texture dimensions. Mismatched layer buffers retain source pixels during rescaling. Tests cover projection, dab placement, explicit square output, transparency, and compositing. ChangesNon-square painting support
Priority: ➖ Normal Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~20 minutes Severity of issue fixed: Medium Merge Risk: 🔵 Low · up to Non-square projection handling is improved, but adding an empty source buffer can still create an opaque-white paint layer. Handle empty sources transparently before merge. Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant TexturePaintController
participant ProjectionPainter
participant TexturePaintBuffer
participant PaintLayerStack
TexturePaintController->>ProjectionPainter: create projection using target width and height
ProjectionPainter->>TexturePaintBuffer: write projected pixels
TexturePaintController->>PaintLayerStack: add generated buffer
PaintLayerStack->>TexturePaintBuffer: rescale mismatched buffer and store layer
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✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
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| // Brush footprint in pixel space (round falloff). The radius is a UV | ||
| // fraction; on a non-square texture use the smaller axis so the dab stays | ||
| // circular in UV space rather than stretching along the longer one. | ||
| const float rPix = brushRadiusUv * std::min(outW, outH); |
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When stencil or camera-locked projection painting targets a non-square texture, deriving one pixel radius from the smaller dimension shrinks the footprint in UV space along the longer axis. For example, on a 64×96 target with brushRadiusUv == 0.25, this produces a 16-pixel Y radius (0.167 UV) instead of the documented 24 pixels (0.25 UV), so dabs become distorted and undersized. Use separate X/Y radii and compute falloff from normalized axis distances, as the regular TexturePaintBuffer::paintBrush path does.
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Agreed and fixed: projectDab now derives separate X/Y pixel radii from brushRadiusUv and takes the falloff from normalised per-axis distances — the same shape TexturePaintBuffer::paintBrush uses, so the two brush paths stay consistent. DabOnNonSquareTargetStaysInBounds now asserts the vertical footprint reaches the full UV radius (~24px on a 96-tall target, not 16) and stops there; I confirmed it fails against the previous smaller-axis version. Re-verified end-to-end on the reported asset: still 0% white at 2504x2526.
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Inline comments:
In `@src/ProjectionPainter.cpp`:
- Around line 205-209: Update the dab footprint logic around rPix in
ProjectionPainter so brushRadiusUv produces separate horizontal and vertical
pixel radii based on outW and outH, then compute falloff using normalized X/Y
distances to preserve a circular UV-space dab. Extend
DabOnNonSquareTargetStaysInBounds to validate the vertical footprint radius as
well as the horizontal radius.
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brushRadiusUv is a UV-space radius, so on a non-square target it must cover that same fraction on BOTH axes. Deriving one pixel radius from the smaller axis shrank the dab in UV terms along the longer one (on a 64x96 buffer a 0.25 dab reached 0.167 UV vertically). Now uses separate X/Y pixel radii with falloff from NORMALISED distances — the same shape TexturePaintBuffer::paintBrush already uses. The non-square dab test now asserts the vertical footprint reaches the full UV radius (~24px on a 96-tall target, not 16) and stops there; it fails against the smaller-axis version. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
…xtures Placing a decal on a model whose texture is not square produced a blank white layer. Chain: the paint session buffer matches the model texture (e.g. 2504x2526), commitDecal built a SQUARE scratch, and PaintLayerStack::addFromBuffer then called TexturePaintBuffer::resize on the mismatch — which does assign(n, 0xFF), i.e. opaque WHITE, discarding every projected texel. A square-textured model never hit it. - ProjectionPainter::project / ::projectDab: track width and height separately (opts.resolution stays a square request when set, else the caller's buffer aspect is kept); UV->pixel scales each axis by its own extent so a non-square target is not skewed, and the dab radius uses the smaller axis so it stays circular in UV space. - TexturePaintController: commitDecal and projectPhotoWithView size their scratch from the session buffer (w AND h); projectionOptions no longer forces a square resolution from the width. - The vertex-colour layer bake (VertexColorBaker is square-only by design) now rescales its result to the stack aspect rather than handing addFromBuffer a mismatched buffer. - PaintLayerStack::addFromBuffer RESCALES a mismatched buffer (nearest-neighbour, alpha-preserving) instead of blanking it, so no future caller can reintroduce this class of bug. Verified end-to-end on the reported asset: the painted texture went from 100% pure white to 0%, at its true 2504x2526 size and with the decal present; the square-textured sibling model is unchanged (0% white). Both new PaintLayerStack tests fail against the pre-fix code. Closes #995 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
brushRadiusUv is a UV-space radius, so on a non-square target it must cover that same fraction on BOTH axes. Deriving one pixel radius from the smaller axis shrank the dab in UV terms along the longer one (on a 64x96 buffer a 0.25 dab reached 0.167 UV vertically). Now uses separate X/Y pixel radii with falloff from NORMALISED distances — the same shape TexturePaintBuffer::paintBrush already uses. The non-square dab test now asserts the vertical footprint reaches the full UV radius (~24px on a 96-tall target, not 16) and stops there; it fails against the smaller-axis version. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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The gate failed on new_maintainability_rating (2 > 1), from 11 smells all introduced by this PR's changes: - Implicit int->float conversions: the old code multiplied UVs by a single int 'res'; the per-axis version doubled those sites. Hoisted explicit float extents (outWf/outHf) and used them in the UV->pixel maps and the dab radii. - 'Define each identifier in a dedicated statement' on the comma- declared cxPix/cyPix. - Two 4-deep nests: projectDab's per-texel body is now a paintTexel lambda (the occlusion test was the 4th level), and addFromBuffer's rescale moved into a file-local rescaleNearest() helper. Pure refactoring — no behaviour change. 49 tests still pass and the reported asset re-verifies at 0% white with the decal intact (16.9k red texels, matching the pre-refactor count). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Inline comments:
In `@src/PaintLayerStack.cpp`:
- Line 25: Update the dimension handling around PaintLayerStack’s scaled.resize
call: validate the target stack dimensions before resizing, and when only src
has zero width or height, clear the resized destination to transparent before
returning. Preserve normal resizing and addFromBuffer behavior for valid,
non-empty sources.
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rescaleNearest returned early for a zero-sized source AFTER resize(), which fills with 0xFF — so a degenerate buffer became an opaque white layer, exactly the failure this helper exists to prevent. It now validates the target dimensions before resize() and explicitly clears to transparent when only the source is empty. Added a regression test, confirmed failing against the early-return version. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Closes #995
Placing a decal on a model whose texture is not square produced a blank white layer. A sibling model with a square texture worked fine — that difference is the whole bug.
Confirmed fixed by the reporter on the original model.
Root cause
commitDecalbuilt a square scratch (resize(width, width)), andProjectionPainter::projectwas square-only throughout (oneres,out.resize(res,res), UV scaled byreson both axes).PaintLayerStack::addFromBuffersaw the mismatch and calledTexturePaintBuffer::resize— which ism_pixels.assign(n, 0xFF), i.e. opaque white, discarding every projected texel.So the decal was computed correctly, then thrown away and replaced with white.
Changes
ProjectionPainter—project/projectDabtrack width and height separately.opts.resolutionkeeps its "square request" contract when set; otherwise the caller's buffer aspect is preserved. UV→pixel scales each axis by its own extent (no skew).projectDabradius (review round) —brushRadiusUvis a UV radius, so it now uses separate X/Y pixel radii with falloff from normalised per-axis distances, matchingTexturePaintBuffer::paintBrush. The first cut derived one radius from the smaller axis, which compressed the dab in UV terms along the longer one (0.25 → 0.167 UV on a 64×96 target).TexturePaintController—commitDecalandprojectPhotoWithViewsize their scratch from the session buffer (w and h);projectionOptionsno longer forces a square resolution from the width alone.VertexColorBakeris square-only by design, so its result is rescaled to the stack aspect instead of handingaddFromBuffera mismatched buffer. (Same latent defect; would have hit the same models.)PaintLayerStack::addFromBuffer— rescales a mismatched buffer (nearest-neighbour, alpha-preserving) rather than blanking it, so no future caller can reintroduce this class of bug.Verification
End-to-end on the reported asset via
qtmesh paint --apply-stencil:The square-textured sibling model is unchanged (2048×2048, 0% white) — no regression.
Every new test was confirmed to fail against the pre-fix code with the reported symptom, including the strengthened dab test against the smaller-axis first cut. 66 tests pass across
ProjectionPainterTest/PaintLayerStackTest/DecalSessionTest/SkinWeightsPostTest.Rebased onto master after #992 merged; the weld feature and this fix touch different files (no conflicts), and both were re-verified together on the real assets after the rebase.
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