diff --git a/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/__tests__/translateContext.test.ts b/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/__tests__/translateContext.test.ts
index c8cf2ce834..cce7a70ef3 100644
--- a/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/__tests__/translateContext.test.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/__tests__/translateContext.test.ts
@@ -172,6 +172,48 @@ it('can handle privateAttributes in a single context', () => {
   expect(logger.logs.length).toEqual(0);
 });
 
+it('logs an error when privateAttributes is not an array', () => {
+  const logger = new TestLogger();
+  expect(
+    translateContext(logger, {
+      targetingKey: 'my-key',
+      myCustomAttribute: 'myCustomValue',
+      privateAttributes: 'myCustomAttribute' as unknown as string[],
+    }),
+  ).toEqual({
+    kind: 'user',
+    key: 'my-key',
+    myCustomAttribute: 'myCustomValue',
+  });
+  expect(logger.logs).toEqual(["The attribute 'privateAttributes' must be an array"]);
+});
+
+it('omits non-string privateAttributes entries and logs an error', () => {
+  const logger = new TestLogger();
+  expect(
+    translateContext(logger, {
+      targetingKey: 'my-key',
+      privateAttributes: ['myCustomAttribute', 17 as unknown as string],
+    }),
+  ).toEqual({
+    kind: 'user',
+    key: 'my-key',
+    _meta: {
+      privateAttributes: ['myCustomAttribute'],
+    },
+  });
+  expect(logger.logs).toEqual(["'privateAttributes' must be an array of only string values"]);
+});
+
+it('does not set metadata when privateAttributes is empty', () => {
+  const logger = new TestLogger();
+  expect(translateContext(logger, { targetingKey: 'my-key', privateAttributes: [] })).toEqual({
+    kind: 'user',
+    key: 'my-key',
+  });
+  expect(logger.logs.length).toEqual(0);
+});
+
 it('detects a cycle and logs an error', () => {
   const a: any = {
     b: { c: {} },
diff --git a/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/src/translateContext.ts b/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/src/translateContext.ts
index b2a0f29fea..406ca28d0e 100644
--- a/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/src/translateContext.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/openfeature-server-common/src/translateContext.ts
@@ -84,10 +84,20 @@ function translateContextCommon(
       return;
     }
     if (key === 'privateAttributes') {
-      // eslint-disable-next-line no-underscore-dangle
-      convertedContext._meta = {
-        privateAttributes: value as string[],
-      };
+      if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+        logger.error("The attribute 'privateAttributes' must be an array");
+        return;
+      }
+
+      const privateAttributes = value.filter((item): item is string => typeof item === 'string');
+      if (privateAttributes.length !== value.length) {
+        logger.error("'privateAttributes' must be an array of only string values");
+      }
+
+      if (privateAttributes.length) {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-underscore-dangle
+        convertedContext._meta = { privateAttributes };
+      }
     } else if (key in LDContextBuiltIns) {
       if (typeof value === LDContextBuiltIns[key]) {
         (convertedContext as any)[key] = value;